{
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    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-4565",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-06-16T15:38:57.654894Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T15:39:18.263Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "protobuf",
          "product": "Python-Protobuf",
          "programFiles": [
            "python/google/protobuf/internal/decoder.py"
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/",
          "vendor": "protocolbuffers",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.25.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.29.5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.31.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://pypi.org/project/protobuf/",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Python-Protobuf",
          "repo": "https://pypi.org/project/protobuf/",
          "vendor": "protocolbuffers",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.25.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.29.5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.31.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Alexis Challande - Trail of Bits Ecosystem Security Team"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2025-05-12T22:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003eAny project that uses \u003c/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtobuf Pure-Python backend\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;to parse untrusted Protocol Buffers data containing an arbitrary number of recursive \u003c/span\u003e\u003ccode\u003egroup\u003c/code\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003es, recursive \u003c/span\u003e\u003ccode\u003emessage\u003c/code\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003es or a series of \u003c/span\u003e\u003ccode\u003eSGROUP\u003c/code\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;tags can be corrupted by exceeding the Python recursion limit. This can result in a Denial of service by crashing the application with a RecursionError. We recommend upgrading to version =\u0026gt;6.31.1 or beyond commit\u0026nbsp;17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Any project that uses Protobuf Pure-Python backend\u00a0to parse untrusted Protocol Buffers data containing an arbitrary number of recursive groups, recursive messages or a series of SGROUP\u00a0tags can be corrupted by exceeding the Python recursion limit. This can result in a Denial of service by crashing the application with a RecursionError. We recommend upgrading to version =\u003e6.31.1 or beyond commit\u00a017838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901"
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-130",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-130 Excessive Allocation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-674",
              "description": "CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T14:50:40.906Z",
        "orgId": "14ed7db2-1595-443d-9d34-6215bf890778",
        "shortName": "Google"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Unbounded recursion in Python Protobuf",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "14ed7db2-1595-443d-9d34-6215bf890778",
    "assignerShortName": "Google",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-4565",
    "datePublished": "2025-06-16T14:50:40.906Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-12T05:48:12.941Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T15:39:18.263Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}