Vulnerabilites related to puma - puma
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2021-10-12 16:15
Modified
2025-05-27 16:15
Severity ?
3.7 (Low) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
3.7 (Low) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
3.7 (Low) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Summary
Puma is a HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. Prior to versions 5.5.1 and 4.3.9, using `puma` with a proxy which forwards HTTP header values which contain the LF character could allow HTTP request smugggling. A client could smuggle a request through a proxy, causing the proxy to send a response back to another unknown client. The only proxy which has this behavior, as far as the Puma team is aware of, is Apache Traffic Server. If the proxy uses persistent connections and the client adds another request in via HTTP pipelining, the proxy may mistake it as the first request's body. Puma, however, would see it as two requests, and when processing the second request, send back a response that the proxy does not expect. If the proxy has reused the persistent connection to Puma to send another request for a different client, the second response from the first client will be sent to the second client. This vulnerability was patched in Puma 5.5.1 and 4.3.9. As a workaround, do not use Apache Traffic Server with `puma`.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| puma | puma | * | |
| puma | puma | * | |
| debian | debian_linux | 10.0 | |
| debian | debian_linux | 11.0 |
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"lang": "en",
"value": "Puma is a HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. Prior to versions 5.5.1 and 4.3.9, using `puma` with a proxy which forwards HTTP header values which contain the LF character could allow HTTP request smugggling. A client could smuggle a request through a proxy, causing the proxy to send a response back to another unknown client. The only proxy which has this behavior, as far as the Puma team is aware of, is Apache Traffic Server. If the proxy uses persistent connections and the client adds another request in via HTTP pipelining, the proxy may mistake it as the first request\u0027s body. Puma, however, would see it as two requests, and when processing the second request, send back a response that the proxy does not expect. If the proxy has reused the persistent connection to Puma to send another request for a different client, the second response from the first client will be sent to the second client. This vulnerability was patched in Puma 5.5.1 and 4.3.9. As a workaround, do not use Apache Traffic Server with `puma`."
},
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"value": "Puma es un servidor HTTP versi\u00f3n 1.1 para aplicaciones Ruby/Rack. Antes de las versiones 5.5.1 y 4.3.9, usar \"puma\" con un proxy que reenv\u00ede valores del encabezado HTTP que contengan el car\u00e1cter LF pod\u00eda permitir el contrabando de peticiones HTTP. Un cliente pod\u00eda pasar una petici\u00f3n mediante un proxy, causando que el proxy enviara una respuesta a otro cliente desconocido. El \u00fanico proxy que presenta este comportamiento, hasta donde el equipo de Puma sabe, es Apache Traffic Server. Si el proxy usa conexiones persistentes y el cliente a\u00f1ade otra petici\u00f3n por medio de HTTP pipelining, el proxy puede confundirla con el cuerpo de la primera petici\u00f3n. Puma, sin embargo, lo ver\u00eda como dos peticiones, y cuando procese la segunda petici\u00f3n, devolver\u00e1 una respuesta que el proxy no espera. Si el proxy ha reusado la conexi\u00f3n persistente con Puma para enviar otra petici\u00f3n para un cliente diferente, la segunda respuesta del primer cliente ser\u00e1 enviada al segundo cliente. Esta vulnerabilidad fue parcheada en Puma versiones 5.5.1 y 4.3.9. Como soluci\u00f3n, no use Apache Traffic Server con \"puma\""
}
],
"id": "CVE-2021-41136",
"lastModified": "2025-05-27T16:15:21.677",
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"references": [
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}
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2022-03-30 22:15
Modified
2024-11-21 06:51
Severity ?
9.1 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Summary
Puma is a simple, fast, multi-threaded, parallel HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. When using Puma behind a proxy that does not properly validate that the incoming HTTP request matches the RFC7230 standard, Puma and the frontend proxy may disagree on where a request starts and ends. This would allow requests to be smuggled via the front-end proxy to Puma. The vulnerability has been fixed in 5.6.4 and 4.3.12. Users are advised to upgrade as soon as possible. Workaround: when deploying a proxy in front of Puma, turning on any and all functionality to make sure that the request matches the RFC7230 standard.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| puma | puma | * | |
| puma | puma | * | |
| debian | debian_linux | 10.0 | |
| debian | debian_linux | 11.0 | |
| fedoraproject | fedora | 35 | |
| fedoraproject | fedora | 36 | |
| fedoraproject | fedora | 37 |
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},
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"lang": "es",
"value": "Puma es un servidor HTTP versi\u00f3n 1.1 simple, r\u00e1pido, multihilo y paralelo para aplicaciones Ruby/Rack. Cuando es usado Puma detr\u00e1s de un proxy que no comprueba apropiadamente que la petici\u00f3n HTTP entrante coincide con el est\u00e1ndar RFC7230, Puma y el proxy del frontend pueden no estar de acuerdo en d\u00f3nde empieza y termina una petici\u00f3n. Esto permitir\u00eda contrabandear peticiones por medio del proxy del front-end a Puma. La vulnerabilidad ha sido corregida en versiones 5.6.4 y 4.3.12. Se recomienda a usuarios actualizar lo antes posible. Mitigaci\u00f3n: cuando despliegue un proxy frente a Puma, habilite todas las funciones para asegurarse de que la petici\u00f3n se ajusta al est\u00e1ndar RFC7230"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2022-24790",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T06:51:06.130",
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Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2022-02-11 22:15
Modified
2024-11-21 06:48
Severity ?
8.0 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
5.9 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.9 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Summary
Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. Prior to `puma` version `5.6.2`, `puma` may not always call `close` on the response body. Rails, prior to version `7.0.2.2`, depended on the response body being closed in order for its `CurrentAttributes` implementation to work correctly. The combination of these two behaviors (Puma not closing the body + Rails' Executor implementation) causes information leakage. This problem is fixed in Puma versions 5.6.2 and 4.3.11. This problem is fixed in Rails versions 7.02.2, 6.1.4.6, 6.0.4.6, and 5.2.6.2. Upgrading to a patched Rails _or_ Puma version fixes the vulnerability.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| puma | puma | * | |
| puma | puma | * | |
| rubyonrails | rails | * | |
| rubyonrails | rails | * | |
| rubyonrails | rails | * | |
| rubyonrails | rails | * | |
| debian | debian_linux | 9.0 | |
| debian | debian_linux | 10.0 | |
| debian | debian_linux | 11.0 | |
| fedoraproject | fedora | 35 | |
| fedoraproject | fedora | 36 | |
| fedoraproject | fedora | 37 |
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},
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}
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Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2021-05-11 17:15
Modified
2024-11-21 06:01
Severity ?
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Summary
Puma is a concurrent HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. The fix for CVE-2019-16770 was incomplete. The original fix only protected existing connections that had already been accepted from having their requests starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in the same process. However, new connections may still be starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in all processes in the cluster. A `puma` server which received more concurrent `keep-alive` connections than the server had threads in its threadpool would service only a subset of connections, denying service to the unserved connections. This problem has been fixed in `puma` 4.3.8 and 5.3.1. Setting `queue_requests false` also fixes the issue. This is not advised when using `puma` without a reverse proxy, such as `nginx` or `apache`, because you will open yourself to slow client attacks (e.g. slowloris). The fix is very small and a git patch is available for those using unsupported versions of Puma.
References
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"value": "Puma is a concurrent HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. The fix for CVE-2019-16770 was incomplete. The original fix only protected existing connections that had already been accepted from having their requests starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in the same process. However, new connections may still be starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in all processes in the cluster. A `puma` server which received more concurrent `keep-alive` connections than the server had threads in its threadpool would service only a subset of connections, denying service to the unserved connections. This problem has been fixed in `puma` 4.3.8 and 5.3.1. Setting `queue_requests false` also fixes the issue. This is not advised when using `puma` without a reverse proxy, such as `nginx` or `apache`, because you will open yourself to slow client attacks (e.g. slowloris). The fix is very small and a git patch is available for those using unsupported versions of Puma."
},
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"value": "Puma es un servidor HTTP versi\u00f3n 1.1 concurrente para aplicaciones Ruby/Rack.\u0026#xa0;La soluci\u00f3n para CVE-2019-16770 estaba incompleta.\u0026#xa0;La correcci\u00f3n original solo proteg\u00eda las conexiones existentes que ya hab\u00edan sido aceptadas para evitar que sus peticiones se vieran muertas por conexiones persistentes codiciosas que saturaban todos los hilos en el mismo proceso.\u0026#xa0;Sin embargo, es posible que las conexiones persistentes codiciosas sigan privando a las nuevas conexiones que saturan todos los subprocesos en todos los procesos del cl\u00faster.\u0026#xa0;Un servidor \"puma\" que recibiera m\u00e1s conexiones \"keep-alive\" simult\u00e1neas de las que el servidor ten\u00eda subprocesos en su grupo de subprocesos dar\u00eda servicio s\u00f3lo a un subconjunto de conexiones, negando el servicio a las conexiones no atendidas.\u0026#xa0;Este problema se ha solucionado en \"puma\" versiones 4.3.8 y 5.3.1.\u0026#xa0;La configuraci\u00f3n de \"queue_requests false\" tambi\u00e9n soluciona el problema.\u0026#xa0;Esto no se recomienda cuando se usa \"puma\" sin un proxy inverso, como \"nginx\" o \"apache\",\u0026#xa0;porque te expondr\u00e1s a ataques lentos de clientes (por ejemplo, slowloris).\u0026#xa0;La soluci\u00f3n es muy peque\u00f1a y hay un parche de git disponible para aquellos que usan versiones no compatibles de Puma"
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"id": "CVE-2021-29509",
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Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2020-03-02 16:15
Modified
2024-11-21 05:33
Severity ?
6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Summary
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.3 and 3.12.4, if an application using Puma allows untrusted input in an early-hints header, an attacker can use a carriage return character to end the header and inject malicious content, such as additional headers or an entirely new response body. This vulnerability is known as HTTP Response Splitting. While not an attack in itself, response splitting is a vector for several other attacks, such as cross-site scripting (XSS). This is related to CVE-2020-5247, which fixed this vulnerability but only for regular responses. This has been fixed in 4.3.3 and 3.12.4.
References
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Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2019-12-05 20:15
Modified
2024-11-21 04:31
Severity ?
5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Summary
In Puma before versions 3.12.2 and 4.3.1, a poorly-behaved client could use keepalive requests to monopolize Puma's reactor and create a denial of service attack. If more keepalive connections to Puma are opened than there are threads available, additional connections will wait permanently if the attacker sends requests frequently enough. This vulnerability is patched in Puma 4.3.1 and 3.12.2.
References
| ▶ | URL | Tags | |
|---|---|---|---|
| security-advisories@github.com | https://github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/GHSA-7xx3-m584-x994 | Mitigation, Third Party Advisory | |
| security-advisories@github.com | https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/05/msg00034.html | Mailing List, Third Party Advisory | |
| af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 | https://github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/GHSA-7xx3-m584-x994 | Mitigation, Third Party Advisory | |
| af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 | https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/05/msg00034.html | Mailing List, Third Party Advisory |
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"id": "CVE-2019-16770",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T04:31:09.323",
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Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2023-08-18 22:15
Modified
2024-11-21 08:18
Severity ?
7.3 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. Prior to versions 6.3.1 and 5.6.7, puma exhibited incorrect behavior when parsing chunked transfer encoding bodies and zero-length Content-Length headers in a way that allowed HTTP request smuggling. Severity of this issue is highly dependent on the nature of the web site using puma is. This could be caused by either incorrect parsing of trailing fields in chunked transfer encoding bodies or by parsing of blank/zero-length Content-Length headers. Both issues have been addressed and this vulnerability has been fixed in versions 6.3.1 and 5.6.7. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
References
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"value": "Puma es un servidor web Ruby/Rack construido para paralelismo. Antes de las versiones 6.3.1 y 5.6.7, Puma mostraba un comportamiento incorrecto al analizar cuerpos de codificaci\u00f3n de transferencia en trozos y cabeceras Content-Length de longitud cero de forma que permit\u00eda el contrabando de peticiones HTTP. La gravedad de este problema depende en gran medida de la naturaleza del sitio web que utiliza Puma. Esto podr\u00eda ser causado por un an\u00e1lisis incorrecto de los campos finales en los cuerpos de codificaci\u00f3n de transferencia en trozos o por el an\u00e1lisis de cabeceras Content-Length en blanco/longitud cero. Ambos problemas han sido solucionados y esta vulnerabilidad ha sido corregida en las versiones 6.3.1 y 5.6.7.Se recomienda a los usuarios que actualicen. No se conocen soluciones para esta vulnerabilidad. "
}
],
"id": "CVE-2023-40175",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T08:18:55.877",
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Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2020-05-22 15:15
Modified
2024-11-21 04:56
Severity ?
6.8 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Summary
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.5 and 3.12.6, a client could smuggle a request through a proxy, causing the proxy to send a response back to another unknown client. If the proxy uses persistent connections and the client adds another request in via HTTP pipelining, the proxy may mistake it as the first request's body. Puma, however, would see it as two requests, and when processing the second request, send back a response that the proxy does not expect. If the proxy has reused the persistent connection to Puma to send another request for a different client, the second response from the first client will be sent to the second client. This is a similar but different vulnerability from CVE-2020-11076. The problem has been fixed in Puma 3.12.6 and Puma 4.3.5.
References
Impacted products
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Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2020-05-22 15:15
Modified
2024-11-21 04:56
Severity ?
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Summary
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.4 and 3.12.5, an attacker could smuggle an HTTP response, by using an invalid transfer-encoding header. The problem has been fixed in Puma 3.12.5 and Puma 4.3.4.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| puma | puma | * | |
| puma | puma | * | |
| fedoraproject | fedora | 33 | |
| debian | debian_linux | 9.0 |
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Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2020-02-28 17:15
Modified
2024-11-21 05:33
Severity ?
6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Summary
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.2 and before 3.12.3, if an application using Puma allows untrusted input in a response header, an attacker can use newline characters (i.e. `CR`, `LF` or`/r`, `/n`) to end the header and inject malicious content, such as additional headers or an entirely new response body. This vulnerability is known as HTTP Response Splitting. While not an attack in itself, response splitting is a vector for several other attacks, such as cross-site scripting (XSS). This is related to CVE-2019-16254, which fixed this vulnerability for the WEBrick Ruby web server. This has been fixed in versions 4.3.2 and 3.12.3 by checking all headers for line endings and rejecting headers with those characters.
References
Impacted products
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],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.2 and before 3.12.3, if an application using Puma allows untrusted input in a response header, an attacker can use newline characters (i.e. `CR`, `LF` or`/r`, `/n`) to end the header and inject malicious content, such as additional headers or an entirely new response body. This vulnerability is known as HTTP Response Splitting. While not an attack in itself, response splitting is a vector for several other attacks, such as cross-site scripting (XSS). This is related to CVE-2019-16254, which fixed this vulnerability for the WEBrick Ruby web server. This has been fixed in versions 4.3.2 and 3.12.3 by checking all headers for line endings and rejecting headers with those characters."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En Puma (RubyGem) anterior a la versi\u00f3n 4.3.2 y anterior a la versi\u00f3n 3.12.3, si una aplicaci\u00f3n que usa Puma permite la entrada no segura en un encabezado de respuesta, un atacante puede usar caracteres de nueva l\u00ednea (es decir, `CR`,` LF` o` / r`, ` / n`) para finalizar el encabezado e inyectar contenido malicioso, como encabezados adicionales o un cuerpo de respuesta completamente nuevo. Esta vulnerabilidad se conoce como divisi\u00f3n de respuesta HTTP. Si bien no es un ataque en s\u00ed mismo, la divisi\u00f3n de la respuesta es un vector para varios otros ataques, como las secuencias de cross-site scripting (XSS). Esto est\u00e1 relacionado con CVE-2019-16254, que corrigi\u00f3 esta vulnerabilidad para el servidor web WEBrick Ruby. Esto se ha solucionado en las versiones 4.3.2 y 3.12.3 verificando todos los encabezados para ver los finales de l\u00ednea y rechazando los encabezados con esos caracteres."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2020-5247",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T05:33:45.570",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV2": [
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"acInsufInfo": false,
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"published": "2020-02-28T17:15:12.220",
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{
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"tags": [
"Mitigation",
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],
"url": "https://github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/GHSA-84j7-475p-hp8v"
},
{
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],
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},
{
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},
{
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"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DIHVO3CQMU7BZC7FCTSRJ33YDNS3GFPK/"
},
{
"source": "security-advisories@github.com",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NJ3LL5F5QADB6LM46GXZETREAKZMQNRD/"
},
{
"source": "security-advisories@github.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/HTTP_Response_Splitting"
},
{
"source": "security-advisories@github.com",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2019/10/01/http-response-splitting-in-webrick-cve-2019-16254"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mitigation",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/GHSA-84j7-475p-hp8v"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/05/msg00034.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BMJ3CGZ3DLBJ5WUUKMI5ZFXFJQMXJZIK/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DIHVO3CQMU7BZC7FCTSRJ33YDNS3GFPK/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NJ3LL5F5QADB6LM46GXZETREAKZMQNRD/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/HTTP_Response_Splitting"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2019/10/01/http-response-splitting-in-webrick-cve-2019-16254"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-113"
}
],
"source": "security-advisories@github.com",
"type": "Secondary"
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-74"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2024-01-08 14:15
Modified
2024-11-21 08:54
Severity ?
5.9 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Summary
Puma is a web server for Ruby/Rack applications built for parallelism. Prior to version 6.4.2, puma exhibited incorrect behavior when parsing chunked transfer encoding bodies in a way that allowed HTTP request smuggling. Fixed versions limits the size of chunk extensions. Without this limit, an attacker could cause unbounded resource (CPU, network bandwidth) consumption. This vulnerability has been fixed in versions 6.4.2 and 5.6.8.
References
{
"configurations": [
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"matchCriteriaId": "A4C4E799-9F02-4DF4-A3C3-8A7DA1B86BFE",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.6.8",
"vulnerable": true
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"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Puma is a web server for Ruby/Rack applications built for parallelism. Prior to version 6.4.2, puma exhibited incorrect behavior when parsing chunked transfer encoding bodies in a way that allowed HTTP request smuggling. Fixed versions limits the size of chunk extensions. Without this limit, an attacker could cause unbounded resource (CPU, network bandwidth) consumption. This vulnerability has been fixed in versions 6.4.2 and 5.6.8.\n\n"
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Puma es un servidor web para aplicaciones Ruby/Rack creado para el paralelismo. Antes de la versi\u00f3n 6.4.2, Puma exhib\u00eda un comportamiento incorrecto al analizar cuerpos de codificaci\u00f3n de transferencia fragmentados de una manera que permit\u00eda el contrabando de solicitudes HTTP. Las versiones fijas limitan el tama\u00f1o de las extensiones de fragmentos. Sin este l\u00edmite, un atacante podr\u00eda provocar un consumo ilimitado de recursos (CPU, ancho de banda de red). Esta vulnerabilidad se ha solucionado en las versiones 6.4.2 y 5.6.8."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2024-21647",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T08:54:47.780",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
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"published": "2024-01-08T14:15:47.640",
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"tags": [
"Patch"
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},
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}
]
}
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd
Published
2024-09-19 23:15
Modified
2024-09-26 13:28
Severity ?
5.4 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.4 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.4 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Summary
Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. In affected versions clients could clobber values set by intermediate proxies (such as X-Forwarded-For) by providing a underscore version of the same header (X-Forwarded_For). Any users relying on proxy set variables is affected. v6.4.3/v5.6.9 now discards any headers using underscores if the non-underscore version also exists. Effectively, allowing the proxy defined headers to always win. Users are advised to upgrade. Nginx has a underscores_in_headers configuration variable to discard these headers at the proxy level as a mitigation. Any users that are implicitly trusting the proxy defined headers for security should immediately cease doing so until upgraded to the fixed versions.
References
{
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"versionEndExcluding": "5.6.9",
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"matchCriteriaId": "70AE8ED4-BC0B-4714-9B00-EF4A321DACAC",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.4.3",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.0.0",
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],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
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],
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"descriptions": [
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"value": "Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. In affected versions clients could clobber values set by intermediate proxies (such as X-Forwarded-For) by providing a underscore version of the same header (X-Forwarded_For). Any users relying on proxy set variables is affected. v6.4.3/v5.6.9 now discards any headers using underscores if the non-underscore version also exists. Effectively, allowing the proxy defined headers to always win. Users are advised to upgrade. Nginx has a underscores_in_headers configuration variable to discard these headers at the proxy level as a mitigation. Any users that are implicitly trusting the proxy defined headers for security should immediately cease doing so until upgraded to the fixed versions."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Puma es un servidor web Ruby/Rack creado para el paralelismo. En las versiones afectadas, los clientes pod\u00edan alterar los valores establecidos por los servidores proxy intermedios (como X-Forwarded-For) al proporcionar una versi\u00f3n con guiones bajos del mismo encabezado (X-Forwarded_For). Todos los usuarios que dependan de las variables establecidas por el proxy se ven afectados. v6.4.3/v5.6.9 ahora descarta cualquier encabezado que utilice guiones bajos si tambi\u00e9n existe la versi\u00f3n sin guiones bajos. De hecho, permite que los encabezados definidos por el proxy siempre prevalezcan. Se recomienda a los usuarios que actualicen. Nginx tiene una variable de configuraci\u00f3n underscores_in_headers para descartar estos encabezados a nivel de proxy como mitigaci\u00f3n. Todos los usuarios que conf\u00eden impl\u00edcitamente en los encabezados definidos por el proxy por razones de seguridad deben dejar de hacerlo de inmediato hasta que se actualicen a las versiones corregidas."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2024-45614",
"lastModified": "2024-09-26T13:28:30.537",
"metrics": {
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"published": "2024-09-19T23:15:11.703",
"references": [
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"tags": [
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"url": "https://github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4"
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{
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"tags": [
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"url": "https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#underscores_in_headers"
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"type": "Secondary"
},
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"value": "CWE-444"
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],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
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]
}
CVE-2022-23634 (GCVE-0-2022-23634)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2022-02-11 21:40
Modified
2025-04-23 19:05
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Summary
Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. Prior to `puma` version `5.6.2`, `puma` may not always call `close` on the response body. Rails, prior to version `7.0.2.2`, depended on the response body being closed in order for its `CurrentAttributes` implementation to work correctly. The combination of these two behaviors (Puma not closing the body + Rails' Executor implementation) causes information leakage. This problem is fixed in Puma versions 5.6.2 and 4.3.11. This problem is fixed in Rails versions 7.02.2, 6.1.4.6, 6.0.4.6, and 5.2.6.2. Upgrading to a patched Rails _or_ Puma version fixes the vulnerability.
References
{
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"shortName": "CVE"
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"references": [
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"url": "https://github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/GHSA-rmj8-8hhh-gv5h"
},
{
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"url": "https://github.com/puma/puma/commit/b70f451fe8abc0cff192c065d549778452e155bb"
},
{
"tags": [
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"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rmj8-8hhh-gv5h"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-wh98-p28r-vrc9"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/ruby-security-ann/c/FkTM-_7zSNA/m/K2RiMJBlBAAJ?utm_medium=email\u0026utm_source=footer\u0026pli=1"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5146",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_DEBIAN",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5146"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20220525 [SECURITY] [DLA 3023-1] puma security update",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_MLIST",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/05/msg00034.html"
},
{
"name": "GLSA-202208-28",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_GENTOO",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-28"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20220827 [SECURITY] [DLA 3083-1] puma security update",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_MLIST",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/08/msg00015.html"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2022-de968d1b6c",
"tags": [
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CVE-2020-5249 (GCVE-0-2020-5249)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-03-02 15:20
Modified
2024-08-04 08:22
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Response Splitting')
Summary
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.3 and 3.12.4, if an application using Puma allows untrusted input in an early-hints header, an attacker can use a carriage return character to end the header and inject malicious content, such as additional headers or an entirely new response body. This vulnerability is known as HTTP Response Splitting. While not an attack in itself, response splitting is a vector for several other attacks, such as cross-site scripting (XSS). This is related to CVE-2020-5247, which fixed this vulnerability but only for regular responses. This has been fixed in 4.3.3 and 3.12.4.
References
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CVE-2019-16770 (GCVE-0-2019-16770)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2019-12-05 19:35
Modified
2024-08-05 01:24
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Summary
In Puma before versions 3.12.2 and 4.3.1, a poorly-behaved client could use keepalive requests to monopolize Puma's reactor and create a denial of service attack. If more keepalive connections to Puma are opened than there are threads available, additional connections will wait permanently if the attacker sends requests frequently enough. This vulnerability is patched in Puma 4.3.1 and 3.12.2.
References
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CVE-2020-11076 (GCVE-0-2020-11076)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-05-22 14:50
Modified
2024-08-04 11:21
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Summary
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.4 and 3.12.5, an attacker could smuggle an HTTP response, by using an invalid transfer-encoding header. The problem has been fixed in Puma 3.12.5 and Puma 4.3.4.
References
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CVE-2021-41136 (GCVE-0-2021-41136)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2021-10-12 15:30
Modified
2025-05-27 15:16
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Summary
Puma is a HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. Prior to versions 5.5.1 and 4.3.9, using `puma` with a proxy which forwards HTTP header values which contain the LF character could allow HTTP request smugggling. A client could smuggle a request through a proxy, causing the proxy to send a response back to another unknown client. The only proxy which has this behavior, as far as the Puma team is aware of, is Apache Traffic Server. If the proxy uses persistent connections and the client adds another request in via HTTP pipelining, the proxy may mistake it as the first request's body. Puma, however, would see it as two requests, and when processing the second request, send back a response that the proxy does not expect. If the proxy has reused the persistent connection to Puma to send another request for a different client, the second response from the first client will be sent to the second client. This vulnerability was patched in Puma 5.5.1 and 4.3.9. As a workaround, do not use Apache Traffic Server with `puma`.
References
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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CVE-2024-21647 (GCVE-0-2024-21647)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-01-08 13:45
Modified
2025-06-03 14:37
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Summary
Puma is a web server for Ruby/Rack applications built for parallelism. Prior to version 6.4.2, puma exhibited incorrect behavior when parsing chunked transfer encoding bodies in a way that allowed HTTP request smuggling. Fixed versions limits the size of chunk extensions. Without this limit, an attacker could cause unbounded resource (CPU, network bandwidth) consumption. This vulnerability has been fixed in versions 6.4.2 and 5.6.8.
References
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CVE-2024-45614 (GCVE-0-2024-45614)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-09-19 22:42
Modified
2024-09-20 13:54
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Summary
Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. In affected versions clients could clobber values set by intermediate proxies (such as X-Forwarded-For) by providing a underscore version of the same header (X-Forwarded_For). Any users relying on proxy set variables is affected. v6.4.3/v5.6.9 now discards any headers using underscores if the non-underscore version also exists. Effectively, allowing the proxy defined headers to always win. Users are advised to upgrade. Nginx has a underscores_in_headers configuration variable to discard these headers at the proxy level as a mitigation. Any users that are implicitly trusting the proxy defined headers for security should immediately cease doing so until upgraded to the fixed versions.
References
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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CVE-2023-40175 (GCVE-0-2023-40175)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2023-08-18 21:35
Modified
2024-10-07 20:04
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Summary
Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. Prior to versions 6.3.1 and 5.6.7, puma exhibited incorrect behavior when parsing chunked transfer encoding bodies and zero-length Content-Length headers in a way that allowed HTTP request smuggling. Severity of this issue is highly dependent on the nature of the web site using puma is. This could be caused by either incorrect parsing of trailing fields in chunked transfer encoding bodies or by parsing of blank/zero-length Content-Length headers. Both issues have been addressed and this vulnerability has been fixed in versions 6.3.1 and 5.6.7. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
References
| ► | URL | Tags | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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CVE-2020-5247 (GCVE-0-2020-5247)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-02-28 16:55
Modified
2024-08-04 08:22
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Response Splitting')
Summary
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.2 and before 3.12.3, if an application using Puma allows untrusted input in a response header, an attacker can use newline characters (i.e. `CR`, `LF` or`/r`, `/n`) to end the header and inject malicious content, such as additional headers or an entirely new response body. This vulnerability is known as HTTP Response Splitting. While not an attack in itself, response splitting is a vector for several other attacks, such as cross-site scripting (XSS). This is related to CVE-2019-16254, which fixed this vulnerability for the WEBrick Ruby web server. This has been fixed in versions 4.3.2 and 3.12.3 by checking all headers for line endings and rejecting headers with those characters.
References
| ► | URL | Tags | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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CVE-2021-29509 (GCVE-0-2021-29509)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2021-05-11 16:50
Modified
2024-08-03 22:11
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-400 - {"":"Uncontrolled Resource Consumption"}
Summary
Puma is a concurrent HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. The fix for CVE-2019-16770 was incomplete. The original fix only protected existing connections that had already been accepted from having their requests starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in the same process. However, new connections may still be starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in all processes in the cluster. A `puma` server which received more concurrent `keep-alive` connections than the server had threads in its threadpool would service only a subset of connections, denying service to the unserved connections. This problem has been fixed in `puma` 4.3.8 and 5.3.1. Setting `queue_requests false` also fixes the issue. This is not advised when using `puma` without a reverse proxy, such as `nginx` or `apache`, because you will open yourself to slow client attacks (e.g. slowloris). The fix is very small and a git patch is available for those using unsupported versions of Puma.
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CVE-2022-24790 (GCVE-0-2022-24790)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2022-03-30 21:50
Modified
2025-04-23 18:43
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Summary
Puma is a simple, fast, multi-threaded, parallel HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. When using Puma behind a proxy that does not properly validate that the incoming HTTP request matches the RFC7230 standard, Puma and the frontend proxy may disagree on where a request starts and ends. This would allow requests to be smuggled via the front-end proxy to Puma. The vulnerability has been fixed in 5.6.4 and 4.3.12. Users are advised to upgrade as soon as possible. Workaround: when deploying a proxy in front of Puma, turning on any and all functionality to make sure that the request matches the RFC7230 standard.
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CVE-2020-11077 (GCVE-0-2020-11077)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-05-22 14:55
Modified
2024-08-04 11:21
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Summary
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.5 and 3.12.6, a client could smuggle a request through a proxy, causing the proxy to send a response back to another unknown client. If the proxy uses persistent connections and the client adds another request in via HTTP pipelining, the proxy may mistake it as the first request's body. Puma, however, would see it as two requests, and when processing the second request, send back a response that the proxy does not expect. If the proxy has reused the persistent connection to Puma to send another request for a different client, the second response from the first client will be sent to the second client. This is a similar but different vulnerability from CVE-2020-11076. The problem has been fixed in Puma 3.12.6 and Puma 4.3.5.
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