CWE-129

Improper Validation of Array Index

The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.

CVE-2019-1837 (GCVE-0-2019-1837)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2019-04-18 01:25
Modified
2024-11-19 19:10
Severity ?
5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
CWE
Summary
A vulnerability in the User Data Services (UDS) API of Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on the management GUI. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of input parameters in the UDS API requests. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted request to the UDS API of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to make the A Cisco DB service quit unexpectedly, preventing admin access to the Unified CM management GUI. Manual intervention may be required to restore normal operation. Software versions 10.5, 11.5, 12.0, 12.5 are affected.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Unified Communications Manager Version: 10.5
Version: 11.5
Version: 12.0
Version: 12.5
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CVE-2020-10071 (GCVE-0-2020-10071)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-06-05 17:37
Modified
2024-09-17 04:19
Severity ?
9.0 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-120 - Buffer Overflow
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Summary
The Zephyr MQTT parsing code performs insufficient checking of the length field on publish messages, allowing a buffer overflow and potentially remote code execution. NCC-ZEP-031 This issue affects: zephyrproject-rtos zephyr version 2.2.0 and later versions.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zephyrproject-rtos zephyr Version: 2.2.0   < unspecified
 Create a notification for this product.
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CVE-2020-11041 (GCVE-0-2020-11041)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-05-29 00:00
Modified
2024-08-04 11:21
Severity ?
2.2 (Low) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Summary
In FreeRDP less than or equal to 2.0.0, an outside controlled array index is used unchecked for data used as configuration for sound backend (alsa, oss, pulse, ...). The most likely outcome is a crash of the client instance followed by no or distorted sound or a session disconnect. If a user cannot upgrade to the patched version, a workaround is to disable sound for the session. This has been patched in 2.1.0.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeRDP FreeRDP Version: <= 2.0.0
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          "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20231007 [SECURITY] [DLA 3606-1] freerdp2 security update",
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CVE-2020-12022 (GCVE-0-2020-12022)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-05-08 11:38
Modified
2024-08-04 11:48
Severity ?
CWE
  • CWE-129 - IMPROPER VALIDATION OF ARRAY INDEX
Summary
Advantech WebAccess Node, Version 8.4.4 and prior, Version 9.0.0. An improper validation vulnerability exists that could allow an attacker to inject specially crafted input into memory where it can be executed.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a Advantech WebAccess Node Version: WebAccess Node Version 8.4.4 and prior, WebAccess Node Version 9.0.0
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

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CVE-2020-17394 (GCVE-0-2020-17394)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-08-25 20:20
Modified
2024-08-04 13:53
Severity ?
6.0 (Medium) - CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Summary
This vulnerability allows local attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Parallels Desktop 15.1.4. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute high-privileged code on the target guest system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the OEMNet component. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to escalate privileges and execute code in the context of the hypervisor. Was ZDI-CAN-11132.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Parallels Desktop Version: 15.1.4
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

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CVE-2020-17398 (GCVE-0-2020-17398)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-08-25 20:20
Modified
2024-08-04 13:53
Severity ?
6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Summary
This vulnerability allows local attackers to disclose information on affected installations of Parallels Desktop 15.1.4. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the prl_hypervisor kext. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel. Was ZDI-CAN-11302.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Parallels Desktop Version: 15.1.4
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

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CVE-2020-17399 (GCVE-0-2020-17399)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-08-25 20:20
Modified
2024-08-04 13:53
Severity ?
8.8 (High) - CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Summary
This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Parallels Desktop 15.1.4. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the prl_hypervisor kext. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute code in the context of the kernel. Was ZDI-CAN-11303.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Parallels Desktop Version: 15.1.4
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

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CVE-2020-17400 (GCVE-0-2020-17400)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-08-25 20:20
Modified
2024-08-04 13:53
Severity ?
8.8 (High) - CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Summary
This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Parallels Desktop 15.1.4. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the prl_hypervisor kext. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute code in the context of the hypervisor. Was ZDI-CAN-11304.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Parallels Desktop Version: 15.1.4
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

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CVE-2020-17401 (GCVE-0-2020-17401)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-08-25 20:20
Modified
2024-08-04 13:53
Severity ?
6.0 (Medium) - CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Summary
This vulnerability allows local attackers to disclose sensitive informations on affected installations of Parallels Desktop 15.1.4. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute high-privileged code on the target guest system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the VGA virtual device. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated array. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to escalate privileges and execute code in the context of the hypervisor. Was ZDI-CAN-11363.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Parallels Desktop Version: 15.1.4
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

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CVE-2020-28589 (GCVE-0-2020-28589)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2021-08-11 12:37
Modified
2024-08-04 16:40
Severity ?
9.6 (Critical) - CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Summary
An improper array index validation vulnerability exists in the LoadObj functionality of tinyobjloader v2.0-rc1 and tinyobjloader development commit 79d4421. A specially crafted file could lead to code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a tinyobjloader Version: tinyobjloader development commit 79d4421 , tinyobjloader v2.0-rc1
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

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Mitigation ID: MIT-7

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
Mitigation ID: MIT-15

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
  • Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation ID: MIT-3

Phase: Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

Description:

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, Ada allows the programmer to constrain the values of a variable and languages such as Java and Ruby will allow the programmer to handle exceptions when an out-of-bounds index is accessed.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11

Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation ID: MIT-12

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When accessing a user-controlled array index, use a stringent range of values that are within the target array. Make sure that you do not allow negative values to be used. That is, verify the minimum as well as the maximum of the range of acceptable values.
Mitigation ID: MIT-35

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.
Mitigation ID: MIT-17

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Description:

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers

Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.

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