ghsa-jc7g-x28f-3v3h

Vulnerability from github

Published

2025-06-09 13:09

Modified

2025-06-10 19:59

Severity ?

9.0 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

listmonk's Sprig template Injection vulnerability leads to reading of Environment Variable for low privilege user

Details

Summary

The env and expandenv template functions which is enabled by default in Sprig enables capturing of env variables on the host. While this may not be a problem on single-user (super admin) installations, on multi-user installations, this allows non-super-admin users with campaign or template permissions to use the {{ env }} template expression to capture sensitive environment variables.

Upgrade to v5.0.2 to mitigate.

Demonstration

Description

A critical template injection vulnerability exists in Listmonk's campaign preview functionality that allows authenticated users with minimal privileges (campaigns:get & campaigns:get_all) to extract sensitive system data, including database credentials, SMTP passwords, and admin credentials due to some dangerous function being allowed.

Proof of Concept

Create a user and give him campaigns:get and campaigns:get_all privileges

Now login with that user, go to any campaign, go the Content section and here lies the vulnerability, we're able to execute template content which allows us to get environment variables, execute Sprig functions...
Now in the text field you can input the following and press Preview: ``` {{ env "AWS_KEY" }} {{ env "LISTMONK_db__user" }} {{ env "LISTMONK_db__password" }} ````

Preview:

I had the AWS_KEY variable set like that to confirm the vulnerability:

Impact

Through these environment variables the attacker can access, they can fully compromise the database, cloud accounts, admin credentials, and more depending on what was setup leading to total system takeover and data breach.

Suggested Fix

Blacklist some function for templates like env, expandEnv and fail as they can be used to leak environment variables which leads to a full takeover.

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/knadh/listmonk"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.0.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49136"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-09T13:09:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-09T17:15:29Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nThe `env` and `expandenv` template functions which is enabled by default in [Sprig](https://masterminds.github.io/sprig/) enables capturing of env variables on the host. While this may not be a problem on single-user (super admin) installations, on multi-user installations, this allows non-super-admin users with campaign or template permissions to use the `{{ env }}` template expression to capture sensitive environment variables.\n\n**Upgrade to [v5.0.2](https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/releases/tag/v5.0.2)** to mitigate.\n\n---------\n\n# Demonstration\n\n### Description\nA critical template injection vulnerability exists in Listmonk\u0027s campaign preview functionality that allows authenticated users with minimal privileges (campaigns:get \u0026 campaigns:get_all) to extract sensitive system data, including database credentials, SMTP passwords, and admin credentials due to some dangerous function being allowed.\n\n### Proof of Concept\n\n- Create a user and give him `campaigns:get` and `campaigns:get_all` privileges\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/05333695-14d9-498e-9f73-2137d6eca55b)\n\n- Now login with that user, go to any campaign, go the Content section and here lies the vulnerability, we\u0027re able to execute template content which allows us to get environment variables, execute Sprig functions...\n\n- Now in the text field you can input the following and press Preview:\n```\n{{ env \"AWS_KEY\" }}\n{{ env \"LISTMONK_db__user\" }}\n{{ env \"LISTMONK_db__password\" }}\n````\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/ac963f54-5982-47d4-99d0-59030917f548)\n\n# Preview:\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/99558ca4-81c6-4e1a-bd0d-6bc57830f4d0)\n\nI had the AWS_KEY variable set like that to confirm the vulnerability:\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/16382998-2402-436a-9bb0-db09fb13dd79)\n\n### Impact\n\n- Through these environment variables the attacker can access, they can fully compromise the database, cloud accounts, admin credentials, and more depending on what was setup leading to total system takeover and data breach.\n\n### Suggested Fix\n\n- Blacklist some function for templates like env, expandEnv and fail as they can be used to leak environment variables which leads to a full takeover.",
  "id": "GHSA-jc7g-x28f-3v3h",
  "modified": "2025-06-10T19:59:04Z",
  "published": "2025-06-09T13:09:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/security/advisories/GHSA-jc7g-x28f-3v3h"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49136"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/commit/d27d2c32cf3af2d0b24e29ea5a686ba149b49b3e"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/releases/tag/v5.0.2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "listmonk\u0027s Sprig template Injection vulnerability leads to reading of Environment Variable for low privilege user"
}

CVE-2025-49136 (GCVE-0-2025-49136)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5

Published

2025-06-09 16:21

Modified

2025-06-10 13:25

Severity ?

9.0 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine

Summary

listmonk is a standalone, self-hosted, newsletter and mailing list manager. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 5.0.2, the `env` and `expandenv` template functions which is enabled by default in Sprig enables capturing of env variables on host. While this may not be a problem on single-user (super admin) installations, on multi-user installations, this allows non-super-admin users with campaign or template permissions to use the `{{ env }}` template expression to capture sensitive environment variables. Users should upgrade to v5.0.2 to mitigate the issue.

References

►

URL

Tags

	https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/security/advisories/GHSA-jc7g-x28f-3v3h	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/commit/d27d2c32cf3af2d0b24e29ea5a686ba149b49b3e	x_refsource_MISC
	https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/releases/tag/v5.0.2	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	knadh	listmonk	Version: >= 4.0.0, < 5.0.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-49136",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-06-10T13:24:43.793880Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
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        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-06-10T13:25:02.262Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/security/advisories/GHSA-jc7g-x28f-3v3h"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "listmonk",
          "vendor": "knadh",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.0.0, \u003c 5.0.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "listmonk is a standalone, self-hosted, newsletter and mailing list manager. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 5.0.2, the `env` and `expandenv` template functions which is enabled by default in Sprig enables capturing of env variables on host. While this may not be a problem on single-user (super admin) installations, on multi-user installations, this allows non-super-admin users with campaign or template permissions to use the `{{ env }}` template expression to capture sensitive environment variables. Users should upgrade to v5.0.2 to mitigate the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1336",
              "description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
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        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-06-09T16:21:48.266Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/security/advisories/GHSA-jc7g-x28f-3v3h",
          "tags": [
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          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/security/advisories/GHSA-jc7g-x28f-3v3h"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/commit/d27d2c32cf3af2d0b24e29ea5a686ba149b49b3e",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/commit/d27d2c32cf3af2d0b24e29ea5a686ba149b49b3e"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/releases/tag/v5.0.2",
          "tags": [
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          "url": "https://github.com/knadh/listmonk/releases/tag/v5.0.2"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-jc7g-x28f-3v3h",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "datePublished": "2025-06-09T16:21:48.266Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-06-02T10:39:41.634Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-06-10T13:25:02.262Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.

Action not permitted

ghsa-jc7g-x28f-3v3h

Vulnerability from github

Summary

Demonstration

Description

Proof of Concept

Preview:

Impact

Suggested Fix

CVE-2025-49136 (GCVE-0-2025-49136)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature