CWE-308
Use of Single-factor Authentication
The use of single-factor authentication can lead to unnecessary risk of compromise when compared with the benefits of a dual-factor authentication scheme.
CVE-2023-25681 (GCVE-0-2023-25681)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-03-05 19:42
Modified
2024-08-02 11:25
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-308 - Use of Single-factor Authentication
Summary
LDAP users on IBM Spectrum Virtualize 8.5 which are configured to require multifactor authentication can still authenticate to the CIM interface using only username and password. This does not affect local users with MFA configured or remote users authenticating via single sign-on. IBM X-Force ID: 247033.
References
| ► | URL | Tags | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Spectrum Virtualize |
Version: 8.5 |
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CVE-2023-49075 (GCVE-0-2023-49075)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2023-11-28 04:33
Modified
2024-08-02 21:46
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-308 - Use of Single-factor Authentication
Summary
The Admin Classic Bundle provides a Backend UI for Pimcore. `AdminBundle\Security\PimcoreUserTwoFactorCondition` introduced in v11 disable the two factor authentication for all non-admin security firewalls. An authenticated user can access the system without having to provide the two factor credentials. This issue has been patched in version 1.2.2.
References
| ► | URL | Tags |
|---|---|---|
|
|
||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pimcore | admin-ui-classic-bundle |
Version: < 1.2.2 |
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CVE-2023-50934 (GCVE-0-2023-50934)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-02-02 01:08
Modified
2024-08-02 22:23
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-308 - Use of Single-factor Authentication
Summary
IBM PowerSC 1.3, 2.0, and 2.1 uses single-factor authentication which can lead to unnecessary risk of compromise when compared with the benefits of a dual-factor authentication scheme. IBM X-Force ID: 275114.
References
| ► | URL | Tags | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||
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CVE-2024-45075 (GCVE-0-2024-45075)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-09-04 16:01
Modified
2024-09-04 16:18
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-308 - Use of Single-factor Authentication
Summary
IBM webMethods Integration 10.15 could allow an authenticated user to create scheduler tasks that would allow them to escalate their privileges to administrator due to missing authentication.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | webMethods Integration |
Version: 10.15 cpe:2.3:a:softwareag:webmethods:10.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-47652 (GCVE-0-2024-47652)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-10-04 12:13
Modified
2024-10-04 14:12
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-308 - Use of Single-factor Authentication
Summary
This vulnerability exists in Shilpi Client Dashboard due to implementation of inadequate authentication mechanism in the login module wherein access to any users account is granted with just their corresponding mobile number. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by providing mobile number of targeted user, to obtain complete access to the targeted user account.
References
| ► | URL | Tags | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shilpi Computers | Client Dashboard |
Version: <9.7.0 |
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CVE-2025-42959 (GCVE-0-2025-42959)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-07-08 00:35
Modified
2025-07-11 03:55
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-308 - Use of Single-factor Authentication
Summary
An unauthenticated attacker may exploit a scenario where a Hashed Message Authentication Code (HMAC) credential, extracted from a system missing specific security patches, is reused in a replay attack against a different system. Even if the target system is fully patched, successful exploitation could result in complete system compromise, affecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAP_SE | SAP NetWeaver ABAP Server and ABAP Platform |
Version: SAP_BASIS 700 Version: SAP_BASIS 701 Version: SAP_BASIS 702 Version: SAP_BASIS 731 Version: SAP_BASIS 740 Version: SAP_BASIS 750 Version: SAP_BASIS 751 Version: SAP_BASIS 752 Version: SAP_BASIS 753 Version: SAP_BASIS 754 Version: SAP_BASIS 755 Version: SAP_BASIS 756 Version: SAP_BASIS 757 Version: SAP_BASIS 758 Version: SAP_BASIS 914 Version: SAP_BASIS 915 |
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use multiple independent authentication schemes, which ensures that -- if one of the methods is compromised -- the system itself is still likely safe from compromise.
CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack
["An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.", "Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts."]
CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing
An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-55: Rainbow Table Password Cracking
An attacker gets access to the database table where hashes of passwords are stored. They then use a rainbow table of pre-computed hash chains to attempt to look up the original password. Once the original password corresponding to the hash is obtained, the attacker uses the original password to gain access to the system.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-565: Password Spraying
In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.